NCT00512798 studied bortezomib plus temozolomide in advanced refractory solid tumors and melanoma. The Vanderbilt phase 1/2 design used an initial dose-finding component for refractory solid tumors and a melanoma-focused phase 2 component. The registry records 47 actual participants and a terminated status in its 2012 update. 123

The biological rationale involved proteasome/NF-κB signaling and possible enhancement of temozolomide activity. That rationale is not itself proof of response or survival improvement. The registry now posts results: in the phase 1 group of 19, it lists 0 complete responses, 4 partial responses, 1 stable disease and 14 progressive disease; in the phase 2 group of 28, it lists 0 complete responses, 1 partial response, 5 stable disease and 22 progressive disease. These are small, uncontrolled groups and do not establish improvement over another treatment. The registry does not support assigning an unverified cause to termination. 123